Tsunami A Natural Undersea Earthquake Facts And Images Collection

Introduction Of Tsunami:

A tsunami is a series of huge waves that can cause great devastation and loss of life when they strike a coast.
Tsunamis are caused by an underwater earthquake, a volcanic eruption, an sub-marine rockslide, or, more rarely, by an asteroid or meteoroid crashing into in the water from space. Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, but not all underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis - an earthquake has to be over about magnitude 6.75 on the Richter scale for it to cause a tsunami. About 90 percent of all tsunamis occur in the Pacific Ocean.

The word tsunami comes from the Japanese word meaning "harbor wave." Tsunamis are sometimes incorrectly called "tidal waves" -- tsunamis are not caused by the tides (tides are caused by the gravitational force of the moon on the sea). Regular waves are caused by the wind.

Facts Of Tsunami:

• A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water. Sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet.

• These awe-inspiring waves are typically caused by large undersea earthquakes at tectonic plate boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly it displaces the water above it and launches the rolling waves that will become a tsunami.

• Tsunamis may also be caused by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions. .

• Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles an hour about as fast as a jet airplane. At that pace they can cross the entire expanse of the Pacific Ocean in less than a day. And their long wavelengths mean they lose very little energy along the way.

• In deep ocean, tsunami waves may appear only a foot or so high. But as they approach shoreline and enter shallower water they slow down and begin to grow in energy and height.

• Some tsunamis do not appear on shore as massive breaking waves but instead resemble a quickly surging tide that inundates coastal areas.

• The best defense against any tsunami is early warning that allows people to seek higher ground. The Pacific Tsunami Warning System, a coalition of 26 nations headquartered in Hawaii, maintains a web of seismic equipment and water level gauges to identify tsunamis at sea. Similar systems are proposed to protect coastal areas worldwide.

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The Huge Waves Of Tsunami

Tornado Introduction Cause Safety Precaution During And After Tornado And Images Collection

Introduction Of Tornadoes:

Tornadoes are nature’s most violent storms. Spawned from powerful thunderstorms. A tornado appears as a rotating funnel shaped cloud that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground with whirling winds that can reach 300 miles per hour. Damage paths can be in excess of one mile wide and 50 miles long. Every state is at some risk from this hazard.  Before a tornado hits the wind may die down and the air may become very still. A cloud of debris can mark the location of a tornado even if a funnel is not visible. Tornadoes generally occur near the trailing edge of a thunderstorm. It is not uncommon to see clear sunlit skies behind a tornado.

Cause Of Tornadoes:

• When the ground grows warmer in spring and aloft is cold warm air near the surface rises.As it cools the water vapor it carries condenses forming clouds and thunderstorms.

• Wind near the surface blow in one direction while winds aloft blow in another.

• Rising warm air creates an updraft pulling the rotating air upright.Now the thunderstorm forms a rotating vortex on mesocyclone but only a few mesocyclones spawn tornadoes.Mesocyclone can be five miles across.

Safety Precautions  During a Tornadoes :

• Go to a pre-designated shelter area such as a safe  room  or the lowest building level. 

• If there is no basement, go to the center of an interior room on the lowest level  away from corners, windows, doors, and outside walls.

• Do not open windows.

•  If you are in vehicle immediately get into a vehicle, buckle your seat belt and try to drive to the closest sturdy shelter.

• Put your head down below the windows cover your head with your hands and a blanket, coat or other cushion if possible.

• If you can safely get noticeably lower than the level of the roadway, leave your car and lie in that area, covering your head with your hands.

• Do not get under an overpass or bridge. You are safer in a low flat location.

• Never try to outrun a tornado in urban or congested areas in a car or truck. Instead, leave the vehicle immediately for safe shelter.

• Watch out for flying debris. Flying debris from tornadoes causes most fatalities and injuries.

Safety Precautions After Tornadoes:

• Continue to monitor your battery-powered radio or television for emergency information.

• Be careful when entering any structure that has been damaged.

• Wear sturdy shoes or boots, long sleeves and gloves when handling or walking on or near debris.

• Be aware of hazards from exposed nails and broken glass.

• Do not touch downed power lines or objects in contact with downed lines. Report electrical hazards to the police and the utility company.

• Seek prompt medical attention if you suspect CO poisoning and are feeling dizzy, light-headed or nauseated.

• Hang up displaced telephone receivers that may have been knocked off by the tornado but stay off the telephone except to report an emergency.

• Cooperate fully with public safety officials.

• Respond to requests for volunteer assistance by police, fire fighters, emergency management and relief organizations, but do not go into damaged areas unless assistance has been requested. Your presence could hamper relief efforts and you could endanger yourself.

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